2007年温总理政府工作报告中英文版 [复制链接]

We are adopting two major measures to promote development of education and fairness in education.
为了促进教育发展和教育公平，我们将采取两项重大措施：

One, a system of national scholarships and tuition assistance will go into operation this school year for regular undergraduate institutions, vocational colleges and secondary vocational schools. Funds appropriated for this purpose by the central government will be increased from the 1.8 billion yuan of last year to 9.5 billion yuan this year and 20 billion yuan next year, and local governments should allocate corresponding amounts. We will also further implement the state student loan policy to enable children from families with financial difficulties to attend college or receive vocational education. This is another major move we are taking to promote fairness in education following on the exemption of all tuition and miscellaneous fees for rural compulsory education students.
一是从今年新学年开始，在普通本科高校、高等职业学校和中等职业学校建立健全国家奖学金、助学金制度，为此中央财政支出将由上年18亿元增加到95亿元，明年将安排200亿元，地方财政也要相应增加支出；同时，进一步落实国家助学贷款政策，使困难家庭的学生能够上得起大学、接受职业教育。这是继全部免除农村义务教育阶段学杂费之后，促进教育公平的又一件大事。

Two, we will institute free education for students majoring in education in teacher colleges directly under the Ministry of Education and set up a corresponding system. This measure is designed to demonstrate to the general public the importance of the teaching field, to create an atmosphere of respect for teachers and education in society, to increase awareness of the value of the education profession throughout society, to produce large numbers of outstanding teachers, and to encourage prominent educators to run schools and more outstanding young people to become lifelong educators.
二是在教育部直属师范大学实行师范生免费教育，建立相应的制度。这个具有示范性的举措，就是要进一步形成尊师重教的浓厚氛围，让教育成为全社会最受尊重的事业；就是要培养大批优秀的教师；就是要提倡教育家办学，鼓励更多的优秀青年终身做教育工作者。

We will continue to carry out the strategy of making China stronger by producing more outstanding personnel. We will speed up efforts to train all types of personnel, focusing on the training of high-level, highly capable personnel and strive to turn out a number of leaders in independent innovation and young and middle-aged high-level experts. We will accelerate reform of the personnel system to promote an appropriate amount of movement of personnel. We will encourage Chinese students studying overseas to return home upon completion of study to work and serve the country, and employ more high-level specialists from overseas. We will work to foster an environment of respect for labor, for knowledge, for ability and for creativity throughout society.
　继续实施人才强国战略。加快推进以高层次、高技能人才为重点的各类人才队伍建设，大力培养一批自主创新的领军人物和中青年高级专家。加快人事制度改革，促进人才合理流动。鼓励出国留学人员回国工作、为国服务，进一步做好吸引、聘用境外高级专门人才工作。要在全社会弘扬尊重劳动、尊重知识、尊重人才、尊重创造的良好风气。

We will accelerate reform and development of public health programs. We will focus on four areas this year in our work to develop a system of primary health care services for both urban and rural residents.
加快卫生事业改革发展。着眼于建设覆盖城乡居民的基本卫生保健制度，今年重点抓好四件事：
One is to energetically promote the new type of rural cooperative medical care system. The trial area will be expanded to cover over 80% of all counties, county-level cities and city districts in China. Areas possessing the proper conditions may expand the trial faster than others. Allocations from the central government budget to subsidize this trial total 10.1 billion yuan, a 5.8 billion yuan year-on-year increase. We will carry out the program to establish and develop a rural health care service system and improve the three-tier rural health care service network at the county, township and village levels so that the government can set up a health clinic in every town and township. We will employ various steps to support the setting up of a health clinic in every incorporated village, create a rural medicine supply network and oversight network and step up the training of rural health care service workers in order to ensure that rural residents have access to safe, effective, convenient, and reasonably priced medical and health care services.
一是积极推行新型农村合作医疗制度。试点范围扩大到全国80%以上的县（市、区），有条件的地方还可以搞得更快一些。中央财政安排补助资金101亿元，比去年增加58亿元。落实农村卫生服务体系建设与发展规划，健全县、乡、村三级农村卫生服务网络，每个乡镇由政府办好一所卫生院，采取多种形式支持每个行政村设立一个卫生室，建设农村药品供应网和监督网，加强农村卫生队伍建设，努力让广大农民享有安全、有效、方便、价廉的医疗卫生服务。

Two is to accelerate the establishment of a new type of urban health care service system based on community facilities. We will improve the distribution of urban medical and health resources, focusing on developing community health care services and implementing measures for ensuring funding for them to make it more convenient for people to prevent and receive treatment for diseases. Appropriate allocations will be made from the central government budget to support these efforts in the central and western regions.
二是加快建设以社区为基础的新型城市卫生服务体系。优化城市医疗卫生资源配置，重点发展社区卫生服务，落实经费保障措施，方便群众防病治病。中央财政对中西部地区给予适当支持。

Three is to launch the trial of basic medical insurance for urban residents that mainly covers major illnesses, with the government providing necessary assistance to the poverty-stricken population.
三是启动以大病统筹为主的城镇居民基本医疗保险试点，政府对困难群众给予必要的资助。

Four is to do a good job in work related to prevention and treatment of major communicable diseases. This year, we will expand coverage of the state immunization plan to include 15 communicable diseases that can be effectively prevented through vaccination, including hepatitis A and epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis. On the basis of free treatment for communicable diseases such as AIDS and snail fever, we will expand the scope of diseases subject to free treatment. To fund this work, 2.8 billion yuan has been allocated in the central government budget. This will have great significance for our efforts to ensure the health of the people and raise their overall level of health. We will strengthen prevention and treatment of occupational and endemic diseases. We will strongly support development of traditional Chinese medicine and the folk medicine of ethnic minorities and give full play to their important role in preventing and treating illnesses. In order to better promote reform and development of health programs, the State Council has begun formulating a plan for deepening the reform of the medicine and medical and health care systems in order to resolve the difficulty of obtaining medical service, an issue of common concern.
四是做好重大传染病防治工作。今年扩大国家免疫规划范围，将甲肝、流脑等15种可以通过接种疫苗有效预防的传染病纳入国家免疫规划。在免费救治艾滋病、血吸虫病等传染病患者的基础上，扩大免费救治病种。为此，中央财政增加支出28亿元。这对于保障人民群众健康、增强国民身体素质，具有重大意义。加强职业病、地方病防治。大力扶持中医药和民族医药发展，充分发挥祖国传统医药在防病治病中的重要作用。为了更好地推进卫生事业改革发展，国务院已经组织力量抓紧制定深化医药卫生体制改革方案，努力解决好广大群众关心的看病就医问题。

We will comprehensively address the issue of population and continue to follow the current policy on birth control. We will keep the birthrate low, raise the quality of newborns and take a full range of measures to address the gender imbalance in babies. We will fully follow the reward and assistance system and other similar systems for rural families that comply with family planning regulations. We will expand the scope of the rural "fewer children equals faster prosperity" project. We will improve the family planning management and service system for the floating population.
We will develop old-age programs and actively address the issue of the aging of the population. We will develop programs for women, younger children and teenagers and safeguard the rights and interests of women and minors in accordance with the law. We will continue to show concern for and support programs for physically and mentally challenged persons and create a good environment that will enable them to participate in economic and social activities on an equal basis.
统筹解决人口问题，继续落实现行生育政策。稳定低生育水平，提高出生人口质量，综合治理出生人口性别比偏高问题。全面实行农村计划生育家庭奖励扶助等制度。扩大农村“少生快富”工程实施范围。完善流动人口计划生育管理服务体系。发展老龄事业，积极应对人口老龄化。发展妇女儿童和青少年事业，依法保障妇女和未成年人权益。关心和支持残疾人事业，为他们平等参与经济社会生活创造良好环境。

We will foster the common ideal of Chinese socialism among all groups in society, launch an extensive campaign to spread the socialist concept of honor and disgrace, and develop an atmosphere in society that fosters civilized and ethical behavior. Particular attention will be paid to cultivating ideals and ethics among young people. We will accelerate the progress of cultural programs and the development of the culture industry, promote reform of the cultural management system and improve the policy on the culture industry. We will promote the growth of the press and publishing, radio, television, film, art and literature. We will further develop philosophy and the social sciences. We will uphold the cultural rights and interests of the people and work to gradually establish a system of public cultural services that covers all groups in society to meet the cultural needs of the people. We will give high priority to the project to extend radio and TV coverage to every village, the project to develop multi-use cultural centers for communities, towns and townships, the project to set up a national database for sharing cultural information and resources, the project to show movies in the countryside and the project to set up libraries in rural areas. We will continue developing a number of key cultural projects. We will strengthen efforts to develop and manage the Internet culture and effectively protect our cultural heritage, natural heritage and archives. We will ensure order in the cultural market and continue to combat pornography and illegal publications. We will energetically develop sports programs and the sports industry, step up development of urban community sports facilities and local rural sports facilities, put great effort into developing exercise activities for the general public and raise the level of competitive sports. We will increase efforts to ensure successful preparation for the Beijing Olympics and Special Olympics, do a good job in preparing for the Shanghai World Expo, and successfully host the Special Olympics World Summer Games in Shanghai.
在全社会树立中国特色社会主义的共同理想，广泛开展社会主义荣辱观教育，培育文明道德风尚，尤其要加强青少年思想道德建设。加快发展文化事业和文化产业。推进文化体制改革，完善文化产业政策。繁荣新闻出版、广播影视、文学艺术。进一步发展哲学社会科学。着眼于满足人民群众文化需求，保障人民文化权益，逐步建立覆盖全社会的公共文化服务体系。突出抓好广播电视村村通工程、社区和乡镇综合文化站建设工程、全国文化信息资源共享工程、农村电影放映工程、农家书屋工程。继续建设一批国家重大文化工程。加强网络文化建设和管理。搞好文化遗产、自然遗产和档案保护。加强文化市场管理，坚持开展扫黄打非。积极发展体育事业和体育产业，加强城乡基层体育设施建设，大力开展全民健身活动，提高竞技体育水平。抓紧做好北京奥运会、残奥会的筹办工作，做好上海世博会筹备工作，办好上海世界特殊奥运会。

顶，谢谢楼主

2. We will strengthen employment work and the social safety net.
（二）加强就业和社会保障工作
We will continue to put expansion of employment high on the government's agenda for economic and social development. We will follow fiscal, tax and banking policies that promote employment and actively support the efforts of individuals to start their own businesses or find work for themselves. The focus of our employment work will be on finding employment for people who have been laid off and are still unemployed and those who worked at enterprises that are now bankrupt. We need to actively help zero-employment households and people who have difficulty finding employment find jobs, improve guidance and services for university graduates and promote the reform of the way discharged military personnel are assisted in returning to civilian life. We will develop harmonious labor relations, fully implement the labor contract system and protect the lawful rights and interests of workers.
坚持把扩大就业放在经济社会发展的突出位置。实施有利于促进就业的财政、税收和金融政策，积极支持自主创业和自谋职业。重点做好下岗失业和关闭破产企业人员再就业工作，积极帮助“零就业家庭”和就业困难人员就业，加强高校毕业生就业指导和服务，推进退役军人安置改革。发展和谐劳动关系，全面推行劳动合同制度，保障劳动者合法权益。

We will step up development of the social safety net. This year's central government budget includes allocations totaling 201.9 billion yuan for strengthening the social safety net, an increase of 24.7 billion yuan over last year. We will continue to improve the basic old-age pension system for enterprise employees and proceed with the expansion of trials to fully fund personal old-age pension accounts. We will improve the system of basic medical insurance and the system of unemployment, workers' compensation, and pregnancy and maternity insurance for urban workers. We will accelerate the establishment of a social safety net targeted at rural migrant workers in cities, with the focus on signing them up for workers' compensation insurance and medical insurance for major diseases. We will step up efforts to formulate methods for transferring social security accounts of workers moving from one region to another. We will further expand coverage for social security, particularly coverage for people employed in the non-public sector such as those working in overseas-funded or private enterprises and urban residents with flexible employment. We will collect and build social security funds through a variety of channels. We will improve the methods for collecting and managing social security premiums to raise the collection rate. We will strengthen oversight and management of social welfare funds such as social security funds and matching fund programs for housing and strictly prevent their misuse. We will energetically develop social welfare programs.
加强社会保障体系建设。今年中央财政安排社会保障支出2019亿元，比去年增加247亿元。继续完善企业职工基本养老保险制度，推进做实个人账户扩大试点工作。健全城镇职工基本医疗保险和失业、工伤、生育保险制度。加快建立适合农民工特点的社会保障制度，重点推进农民工工伤保险和大病医疗保障工作。抓紧研究制定社会保险关系跨地区转移接续办法。进一步扩大社会保险覆盖面，特别要做好外资、私营等非公有制企业和城镇灵活就业人员的参保工作。多渠道筹集和积累社会保障基金。完善社会保险费征管方式，提高基金征缴率。强化社会保障基金、住房公积金等社会公共基金的监督管理，严禁侵占挪用。积极发展社会福利事业。

We will improve the urban and rural social welfare system. We will improve the urban basic cost of living allowance system, the urban and rural subsidized medical care system, and the assistance system for urban vagrants and beggars. We will set up a nationwide basic minimum cost of living allowance system this year for rural residents, which is another major measure in the work to resolve issues related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers and build a harmonious society. All local governments should set reasonable eligibility requirements to receive such allowances and a reasonable level for allowances based on local conditions. Areas with financial difficulties will receive appropriate assistance from the central government budget. Setting up a basic cost of living allowance system for all urban and rural residents has great and far-reaching significance for promoting social fairness and building a harmonious society. We will continue to effectively implement preferential treatment policies to appropriately resolve the practical difficulties of entitled groups. We will conscientiously do the work of preventing and mitigating disasters, providing relief for victims of disasters and helping them get back on their feet. We will support the development of charity programs. We will ensure that urban and rural residents, especially the poverty-stricken population, enjoy the benefits of public finance.
　完善城乡社会救助体系。健全城市居民最低生活保障制度、城乡医疗救助制度、城市生活无着的流浪乞讨人员救助制度。今年要在全国范围建立农村最低生活保障制度，这是加强“三农”工作、构建和谐社会的又一重大举措。各地要根据实际，合理确定低保对象范围和标准，中央财政对困难地区给予适当补助。在全国城乡建立最低生活保障制度，对于促进社会公平、构建和谐社会具有重大而深远的意义。继续落实好优抚政策，妥善解决优抚对象的实际困难。切实抓好防灾减灾救灾工作，妥善安排受灾群众的生产生活。支持慈善事业发展。要让城乡百姓特别是困难群众都能够享受到公共财政的阳光。

3. We will strengthen production safety and improve market order.
（三）强化安全生产工作和整顿规范市场秩序
We must resolutely work to reduce the occurrence of large-scale major accidents and improve production safety throughout the country. We will closely follow a principle of "safety first with emphasis on prevention and overall control," improve the production safety system, implement a responsibility system to ensure safe production, increase funding for production safety work, and strengthen education and training in production safety. We will bring the problem of coalmine gas buildup under control, remedy safety problems in some coalmines and shut down others. We will carry out a campaign to improve safety in key industries and fields. We will improve public safety in schools and crowded places. We will tighten oversight for production safety in accordance with the law and investigate and prosecute cases involving industrial accidents to the full extent of the law.
坚决遏制重特大安全事故发生，实现全国安全生产状况稳定好转。要认真贯彻“安全第一，预防为主，综合治理”的方针，完善安全生产体制，切实落实责任制，加大安全生产投入，加强安全生产教育和培训。要继续打好煤矿瓦斯治理和整顿关闭两个攻坚战。切实搞好重点行业和领域安全专项整治工作，加强学校和人员密集场所安全防范。要依法加强监管，严肃查处安全生产事故。
We will address both symptoms and root causes to thoroughly improve market order. We will accelerate development of a credit rating system. We will improve the market management system and strengthen market oversight. We will crack down on the production and sale of counterfeit goods, false advertising, commercial fraud, pyramid schemes, including pyramid schemes in disguised forms, tax evasion, tax fraud, smuggling and sale of smuggled goods. We will carry out extensive campaigns to ensure food safety and fully restore order to the pharmaceuticals market to ensure food and drug safety for the people.
坚持标本兼治，深入整顿和规范市场秩序。加快社会信用体系建设。完善市场管理制度，强化市场监管。依法打击制假售假、虚假广告、商业欺诈、传销和变相传销、偷逃骗税、走私贩私等违法活动。大力开展食品安全专项整治，全面整顿药品市场秩序，保障人民群众饮食和用药安全。

4. We will further develop socialist democracy and the socialist legal system.
　（四）推进社会主义民主法制建设
Developing democracy and improving the legal system is a basic requirement of the socialist system. The most important aspect of building a harmonious society is strengthening democracy and the legal system to promote social fairness and justice. We will actively yet prudently proceed with reforms in the political system and accelerate the development of democracy with Chinese characteristics. We will improve the system for safeguarding the people's democratic rights to ensure that the people are able to manage state affairs, economic and cultural affairs, and the affairs of society in accordance with the law. We will strengthen self-governing local organizations in urban and rural areas. We will expand democracy at the community level, improve the system for transparency in government, factory and village affairs, and ensure that people are able to directly exercise their democratic rights in accordance with the law. Governments at all levels should continue to make decisions scientifically and democratic ally, improve the collective decision-making system, the expert advisory system, the system of public notices and hearings and the decision accountability system for major issues, and ensure that citizens can exercise their right to stay informed of, to participate in, to express opinions about and to oversee government affairs.
发展民主，健全法制，是社会主义制度的内在要求。构建和谐社会，最重要的是加强民主法制建设，促进社会公平正义。要积极稳妥地推进政治体制改革，加快中国特色的民主政治建设。完善人民的民主权利保障制度，保障人民依法管理国家事务、管理经济和文化事业、管理社会事务。加强城乡基层自治组织建设。扩大基层民主，完善政务公开、厂务公开、村务公开等制度，保证人民依法直接行使民主权利。各级政府要坚持科学民主决策，完善重大问题集体决策制度、专家咨询制度、社会公示和听证制度、决策责任制度，依法保障公民的知情权、参与权、表达权、监督权。

We will promote all aspects of government administration by the rule of law. We will strengthen government-sponsored legislation, particularly legislation related to developing social programs, improving the social safety net, strengthening public administration, conserving energy and resources, and protecting the ecosystem. We will implement the administrative law enforcement accountability system to strengthen and improve administrative law enforcement. Law enforcement agencies must exercise their powers and carry out their duties in strict accordance with legally specified limits of authority and procedures. We will further improve administrative oversight. Governments at all levels and their employees must take the lead in observing the Constitution and other laws and handle affairs strictly in accordance with the law. They must conscientiously accept the oversight of the people's congresses and their standing committees and the democratic oversight of the CPPCC, and carefully listen to opinions from t he democratic parties, federations of industry and commerce, persons without party affiliation and people's organizations. They must accept the oversight of the news media and the general public. They must support supervision and auditing authorities in the independent exercise of their oversight duties in accordance with the law. We will tighten checks and oversight on the exercise of state power to ensure that the powers bestowed on us by the people are used for the benefit of the people. We will carry out an extensive campaign to raise public awareness of the law and do a good job in carrying out administrative reviews and providing legal services and assistance to the public. We will continue to reform the judicial administration system to ensure justice in the judicial system.
　全面推进依法行政。加强政府立法工作，重点是发展社会事业、健全社会保障、加强社会管理、节约能源资源、保护生态环境等方面的立法。加强和改善行政执法，落实行政执法责任制。执法部门要严格按照法定权限和程序行使权力、履行职责。进一步加强行政监督。各级政府及其工作人员都要带头遵守宪法和法律，严格依法办事。要自觉接受人民代表大会及其常委会的监督，接受人民政协的民主监督，认真听取民主党派、工商联、无党派人士和各人民团体的意见。接受新闻舆论和社会公众监督。支持监察、审计部门依法独立履行监督职责。通过加强对权力运行的制约和监督，确保人民赋予的权力用于为人民谋利益。深入开展普法教育，做好行政复议、法律服务和法律援助工作。继续推进司法行政体制改革，维护司法公正。

We will improve work related to ethnic groups, religions and overseas Chinese. We will fully enforce the Law on the Autonomy of Ethnic Minority Regions to consolidate and develop socialist ethnic relations based on equality, solidarity, mutual assistance and harmony. We will faithfully follow the Party's basic principle on work related to religions and conscientiously implement the Regulations on Religious Affairs. We will faithfully follow the Party's policy on overseas Chinese affairs and bring into full play the unique role of overseas Chinese nationals, returned overseas Chinese and their relatives in promoting reunification of the motherland and rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
做好民族、宗教和侨务工作。全面贯彻民族区域自治法，巩固和发展平等、团结、互助、和谐的社会主义民族关系。全面贯彻党的宗教工作基本方针，认真落实宗教事务条例。全面贯彻党的侨务政策，发挥海外侨胞和归侨、侨眷在促进祖国统一和民族复兴中的独特作用。

5. We need to safeguard social stability and harmony.
（五）维护社会安定和谐
We must take safeguarding the lawful rights and interests of the people as the starting point and objective in correctly handling social problems in the new period and promoting social stability and harmony. We will improve the mechanisms for balancing interests, reporting on complaints, identifying and handling problems, and safeguarding the rights and interests of the people. We will earnestly carry out all policies that have a bearing on people's interests and act quickly to address complaints made by the people in accordance with the law and government policy. We will work hard to correct actions that harm the interests of the people in land expropriation and requisition, housing demolition, transformation of enterprises into stock companies and environmental protection. Government employees at all levels, especially senior officials, need to visit ordinary people in their communities and take the initiative to help them solve their problems. We will improve work in communities to strengthen their networks of services and management. We will improve the handling of people's complaints made in letters or through visits and improve the responsibility system for handling them. We will improve the crime prevention and control system in public security. We will intensify efforts to address serious public security issues and improve conditions in areas with poor public security. We will crack down on crimes in accordance with the law to safeguard national security and social stability.
要把维护人民群众的合法权益，作为正确处理新时期社会矛盾、促进社会安定和谐的出发点和落脚点。健全利益协调机制、诉求表达机制、矛盾排查调处机制和权益保障机制。认真落实涉及群众利益的各项政策，依照法律和政策及时解决群众反映的问题，坚决纠正土地征收征用、房屋拆迁、企业改制、环境保护中损害群众利益的行为。各级政府工作人员特别是领导干部要深入基层，主动为群众排忧解难。加强社区建设，完善基层服务和管理网络。加强信访工作，健全信访工作责任制。加强社会治安防控体系建设，大力整治突出治安问题和治安混乱地区。依法打击刑事犯罪活动，维护国家安全和社会稳定。

V. Deepening Reforms and Opening Further to the Outside World
五、深化改革和扩大开放
We will unswervingly promote reform and opening up and strive for breakthroughs in key areas and crucial links.
　要坚定不移地推进改革开放，在重点领域和关键环节取得新的突破。

We will deepen the reform of SOEs.
　深化国有企业改革。

First, we need to encourage greater investment of state capital in key industries and areas that are important to national security and comprise the lifeblood of the economy in accordance with the principle of increasing state capital input to some sectors and withdrawing it from others to ensure an appropriate flow of state capital. We will continue restructuring and reorganizing enterprises and support enterprises with the right conditions in their efforts to grow stronger and larger.
一要按照有进有退、合理流动的原则，推动国有资本更多地向关系国家安全和国民经济命脉的重要行业和关键领域集中。推进企业调整重组，支持有条件的企业做强做大。

Second, we need to promote the reform to introduce the shareholding system in large SOEs, improve their corporate governance and mechanisms for controlling investment risk and for internal oversight and management, and develop a mechanism for personnel hiring and placement and for incentives and restraints that meet the requirements of a modern corporate structure.
二要推进国有大型企业股份制改革，健全公司法人治理结构、投资风险控制机制和内部监督管理机制，建立适应现代企业制度要求的选人用人和激励约束机制。

Third, we need to improve the oversight system for state-owned assets. We will put in place a budget system for the management of state capital and standardize the way profits are distributed between the state and enterprises. We will carry out a pilot project to compile budgets for the management of state capital this year. We will standardize procedures for transforming SOEs into stock companies and for transferring ownership of state-owned assets to prevent their erosion and protect the lawful rights and interests of enterprise employees.
三要完善国有资产监管体制。建立国有资本经营预算制度，规范国家与企业的分配关系。今年将进行国有资本经营预算编制试点。规范国有企业改制和国有产权转让行为，防止国有资产流失，维护职工合法权益。