考研历年真题完形填空（1994年—2006年）附答案 [复制链接]

Passage 10（2003年）
    Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious    21    to how they can best    22    such changes. Growing bodies need movement and    23    . but not just in ways that emphasize competition.    24    they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the    25    that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are    26    by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be    27    to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers,    28    . publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews,    29    student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. A variety of small clubs can provide    30    opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful    31    dynamics. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the    32    of some kind of organization with a supportive adult    33    visible in the background.
    In these activities, it is important to remember that young teens have    34    atten¬tion spans. A variety of activities should be organized    35    participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to    36    else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants    37    . This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility.    38    they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by    39    for roles that are within their    40    and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules.

21. [A] thought    [B] idea    [C] opinion    [D] advice
22. [A] strengthen    [B] accommodate    [C] stimulate    [D] enhance
23. [A] care    [B] nutrition    [C] exercise    [D] leisure
24. [A] if    [B] although    [C] whereas    [D] because
25. [A] assistance    [B] guidance    [C] confidence    [D] tolerance
26. [A] claimed    [B] admired    [C] ignored    [D] surpassed
27. [A] improper    [B] risky    [C] fair    [D] wise
28. [A] in effect    [B] as a result    [C] for example    [D] in a sense
29. [A] displaying    [B] describing    [C] creating    [D] exchanging
30. [A] durable    [B] excessive    [C] surplus    [D] multiple
31. [A] group    [B] individual    [C] personnel    [D] corporation
32. [A] consent     [B] insurance    [C] admission    [D] security
33. [A] particularly     [B] barely    [C] definitely    [D] rarely
34. [A] similar    [B] long    [C] different    [D] short
35. [A] if only    [B] now that    [C] so that     [D] even if
36. [A] everything    [B] anything    [C] nothing    [D] something
37. [A] off    [B] down    [C] out    [D] alone
38. [A] on the contrary    [B] on the average    [C] on the whole    [D] on the other hand
39. [A] making    [B] standing    [C] planning    [D] taking
40. [A] capabilities    [B] responsibilities    [C] proficiency    [D] efficiency

Passage 11（2004年）
    Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories    21    on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior    22    they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through    23    with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in    24    to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status    25    as a rejection of middle-class values.
    Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families,    26    the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes    27    lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are    28    to criticism.
    Changes in the social structure may indirectly    29    juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that    30    to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment    31    make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in    32    lead more youths into criminal behavior.
    Families have also    33    changes these years. More families consist of one parent households or two working parents;    34    , children are likely to have less supervision at home    35    was common in the traditional family    36    . This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other    37    causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased    38    of drugs and alcohol, and the growing    39    of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act,    40    a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.
21.[A] acting    [B] relying    [C] centering    [D] commenting
22.[A] before    [B] unless    [C] until    [D] because
23.[A] interactions    [B] assimilation    [C] cooperation    [D] consultation
24.[A] return    [B] reply    [C] reference    [D] response
25.[A] or    [B] but rather     [C] but     [D] or else
26.[A] considering    [B] ignoring     [C] highlighting     [D] discarding
27.[A] on    [B] in     [C] for     [D] with
28.[A] immune    [B] resistant     [C] sensitive     [D] subject
29. [A]    affect     [B]    reduce           [C] check                 [D] reflect
30. [A]    point     [B]    lead           [C] come                 [D] amount
31. [A]    in general     [B]    on average           [C] by contrast        [D] at length
32. [A]    case     [B]    short           [C] turn                 [D] essence
33. [A] survived     [B] noticed           [C] undertaken             [D] experienced
34. [A] contrarily     [B] consequently        [C]similar              [D] simultaneously
35. [A] than     [B] that           [C] which            [D] as
36. [A] system     [B] structure           [C] concept             [D] heritage
37. [A] assessable     [B] identifiable           [C] negligible             [D] incredible
38. [A] expense     [B] restriction           [C] allocation             [D] availability

Passage 12（2005年）
The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals, __1__ this is largely because, __2__ animals, we stand upright. This means that our noses are __3__ to perceiving those smells which float through the air, __4__ the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact, __5__, we are extremely sensitive to smells, __6__ we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of __7__ human smells even when these are __8__ to far below one part in one million.
Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, __9__ others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate __10__ smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send __11__ to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell __12__ can suddenly become sensitive to it when __13__ to it often enough.
The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it __14__ to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can __15__ new receptors if necessary. This may __16__ explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be. We are not __17__ of the usual smell of our own house but we __18__ new smells when we visit someone else’s. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors __19__ for unfamiliar and emergency signals __20__ the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.
1. ［A］although ［B］as ［C］but ［D］while
　　2. ［A］above ［B］unlike ［C］excluding ［D］besides
　　3. ［A］limited ［B］committed ［C］dedicated ［D］confined
　　4. ［A］catching ［B］ignoring ［C］missing ［D］tracking
　　5. ［A］anyway ［B］though ［C］instead ［D］therefore
　　6. ［A］even if ［B］if only ［C］only if ［D］as if
　　7. ［A］distinguishing［B］discovering ［C］determining［D］detecting
　　8. ［A］diluted ［B］dissolved ［C］determining［D］diffused
　　9. ［A］when ［B］since ［C］for ［D］whereas
　　10. ［A］unusual ［B］particular ［C］unique ［D］typical
　　11. ［A］signs ［B］stimuli ［C］messages ［D］impulses
　　12. ［A］at first ［B］at all ［C］at large ［D］at times
　　13. ［A］subjected ［B］left ［C］drawn ［D］exposed
　　14. ［A］ineffective ［B］incompetent ［C］inefficient［D］insufficient
　　15. ［A］introduce ［B］summon ［C］trigger ［D］create
　　16. ［A］still ［B］also ［C］otherwise ［D］nevertheless
　　17. ［A］sure ［B］sick ［C］aware ［D］tired
　　18. ［A］tolerate ［B］repel ［C］neglect ［D］notice
　　19. ［A］availabe ［B］reliable［C］identifiable［D］suitable
　　20. ［A］similar to［B］such as ［C］along with ［D］aside from

Passage 13（2006年）
The homeless make up a growing percentage of America’s population. __1__ homelessness has reached such proportions that local government can’t possibly __2__. To help homeless people __3__ independence, the federal government must support job training programs, __4__ the minimum wage, and fund more low-cost housing.
__5__ everyone agrees on the numbers of Americans who are homeless. Estimates __6__ anywhere from 600,000 to 3 million. __7__ the figure may vary, analysts do agree on another matter: that the number of the homeless is __8__. One of the federal government’s studies __9__ that the number of the homeless will reach nearly 19 million by the end of this decade.
Finding ways to __10__ this growing homeless population has become increasingly difficult. __11__ when homeless individuals manage to find a __12__ that will give them three meals a day and a place to sleep at night, a good number still spend the bulk of each day __13__ the street. Part of the problem is that many homeless adults are addicted to alcohol or drugs. And a significant number of the homeless have serious mental disorders. Many others, __14__ not addicted or mentally ill, simply lack the everyday __15__ skills need to turn their lives __16__. Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation will improve only when there are __17__ programs that address the many needs of the homeless. __18__ Edward Zlotkowski, director of community service at Bentley College in Massachusetts, __19__ it, “There has to be __20__ of programs. What we need is a package deal.”
1.    [A] Indeed    [B] Likewise    [C] Therefore      [D] Furthermore
2.    [A] stand    [B] cope        [C] approve        [D] retain
3.    [A] in      [B] for          [C] with          [D] toward
4.    [A] raise    [B] add        [C] take          [D] keep
5.    [A] generally  [B] almost      [C] hardly        [D] not
6.    [A] cover    [B] change      [C] range        [D] differ
7.    [A] Now that  [B] Although  [C] Provided      [D] Except that
8.    [A] inflating  [B] expanding    [C] increasing    [D] extending
9.    [A] predicts    [B] displays    [C] proves        [D] discovers
10.    [A] assist    [B] track      [C] sustain      [D] dismiss
11.    [A] Hence    [B] But      [C] Even        [D] Only
12.    [A] lodging    [B] shelter    [C] dwelling    [D] house
13.    [A] searching  [B] strolling  [C] crowding  [D] wandering
14.    [A] when    [B] once    [C] while      [D] whereas
15.    [A] life      [B] existence  [C] survival  [D] maintenance
16.    [A] around  [B] over      [C] on        [D] up
17.    [A] complex  [B] comprehensive  [C] complementary  [D] compensating
18.    [A] So      [B] Since        [C] As            [D] Thus
19.    [A] puts    [B] interprets      [C] assumes      [D] makes
20.    [A] supervision  [B] manipulation    [C] regulation  [D] coordination

大纲样题

Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points )

    During the 1980s, unemployment and underemployment in some countries was as high as 90 per cent. Some countries did not    1    enough food; basic needs in housing and clothing were not    2    . Many of these countries looked to the industrial processes of the developed nations    3    solutions.
        4    , problems cannot always be solved by copying the industrialized nations. Industry in the developed nations is highly automated and very    5    .
It provides fewer jobs than labor-intensive industrial processes, and highly    6    workers are needed to    7    and repair the equipment. These workers must be trained,    8    many nations do not have the necessary training institutions. Thus, the    9    of importing industry becomes higher. Students must be sent abroad to    10    vocational and professional training.    11    .  just to begin training, the students must    12    learn English, French, German, or Japanese. The students then spend many years abroad, and    13    do not return home.
    All nations agree that science and technology    14    be shared. The point is: countries    15    the industrial processes of the developed nations need to look care-fully    16    the costs, because many of these costs are    17    . Students from these nations should    18    the problems of the industrialized countries closely.    19    care, they will take home not the problems of science and technology,    20    the benefits.

1.[A] generate     [B] raise         [C] product           [D] manufacture
2.[A] answered     [B] met         [C] calculated        [D] remembered
3.[A] for     [B] without         [C] as           [D] about
4.[A] Moreover     [B] Therefore         [C] Anyway           [D] However
5.[A] expensive     [B] mechanical         [C] flourishing      [D] complicated
6.[A] gifted     [B] skilled         [C] trained           [D] versatile
7.[A] keep     [B] maintain         [C] retain           [D] protect
8.[A] since          [B] so                [C] and              [D] yet
9.[A] charge          [B] price              [C] cost            [D] value
10.[A] accept    [B] gain     [C] receive    [D] absorb
11.[A] Frequently    [B] Incidentally     [C] Deliberately    [D] Eventually
12.[A] soon    [B] quickly     [C] immediately    [D] first
13.[A] some    [B] others     [C] several    [D] few
14.[A] might    [B] should     [C] would    [D] will
15.[A] adopting    [B] conducting     [C] receiving    [D] adjusting
16.[A] to    [B] at     [C] on    [D] about
17.[A] opaque    [B] secret     [C] sealed    [D] hidden
18.[A] tackle    [B] learn     [C] study    [D] manipulate
19.[A] In    [B] Through    [C] With    [D] Under
20.[A] except    [B] nor    [C] or    [D] but

参考答案：
Passage 1.ACBDC    ABCDD
Passage 2.BCCBD    CADAB
Passage 3.CDABC    ADBCA
Passage 4. ACDAB    DCBAD
Passage 5. ABDAD    DABCD
Passage 6. DABAB    CDCAD
Passage 7. CABAC    DBDCD
Passage 8. DADBA    CDBBA     BCBAC    ADCDC
Passage 9. ADCBB    ADDCB     DAACB    DACBC
Passage 10. ABCDC  BDCAD     ADBDC    DBACA
Passage 11. CDADA  BCDAB     ACDBA    BBDAC
Passage 12.
1.    [C]    2.    [B]    3.    [A]    4.    [C]    5.    [B]
6.    [A]    7.    [D]    8.    [A]    9.    [D]    10.    [B]
11.    [C]    12.    [A]    13.    [D]    14.    [C]    15.    [D]
16.    [B]    17.    [C]    18.    [D]    19.    [A]    20.    [B]
Passage 13.
1.    [A]    2.    [B]    3.    [D]    4.    [A]    5.    [D]
6.    [C]    7.    [B]    8.    [C]    9.    [A]    10.    [A]
11.    [C]    12.    [B]    13.    [D]    14.    [C]    15.    [C]
16.    [A]    17.    [B]    18.    [C]    19.    [A]    20.    [D]
大纲样题
CBADA  BBDCC  ADABA  BDCCD